2017年高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时

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▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时

现在完成进行时，是英语中，动词的一种基本时态，其构成为：主语+助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分。表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。（与since，for连用时，要用连续性动词，不可用瞬间动词，但连续性动词常常表示动作会进行下去）也可以表示某种经历。

但注意，现在完成进行时所应用的语境必须是现在（now等状语的提示或者根据上下文、语境）的，不能应用在过去的语境（如出现明确表示是在过去某一个时刻的状语）。

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时的构成

I / we / they have been + 动词的现在分词

He / she / it has been + 动词的现在分词

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时的基本句式

肯定式 第一人称 have been doing sth.

疑问式 Have 第一人称 been doing sth.

简略回答 Yes， 第一人称 have. No， 第一人称 haven't.

肯定式 第三人称 has been doing sth.

疑问式 Has 第三人称been doing sth.

简略回答 Yes， 第三人称has. No， 第三人称hasn't.

1） 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的行动，如：

Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.

Why are your clothes so dirty What have you been doing

2) 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的行动，如：

It has been raining for two hours. (现在还在下)

Jack has been feeling very well recently.

3) 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的行动，如：

She has been playing tennis since she was eight.

4) 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身，如：

Tom’s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.

The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.

标志:

1.句中常有延续性动词，

2.时间点前有since。

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时的用法

主语+have/has+been+动词-ing(延续性动词)

（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。

The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）

I have been learning English three years ago.三年以来我一直在学英语。（动作还将继续下去）

（二）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。

We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)

（三）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。

They have been living in this city for ten years.

They have lived in this city for ten years.

他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。（动作还将继续下去）

I have been working here for five years.

I have worked here for five years.

我在这里已经工作五年了。（动作还将继续下去）

（四）大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。

I have been writing a book.（动作还将继续下去）我一直在写一本书。

I have written a book.（动作已经完成）我已经写了一本书。

They have been building a bridge.他们一直在造一座桥。（动作还将继续下去）

They have built a bridge.他们造了一座桥。（动作已经完成）

（五）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。

I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。

* I have been knowing...

这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢，hate讨厌，think想等等。

（六）一些现在完成时的句子也与现在完成进行时的句子含义相同

延续性动词在现在完成时与现在完成进行时时态中使用，句意相同。例如：

She has slept for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.

She has been sleeping for 6 hours and still cannot wake up.她已经睡了6个小时，到现在还没有醒来。

(七）表示现在以前一直在进行的动作强调动作的未完成性

It has been raining for 3 days。已经下了3天的雨了（现在还没停止）

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时的注意事项

现在完成时有否定结构、而现在完成进行时没有否定结构。

现在完成时态可表示做完的事情以及已有的经验、但现在完成进行时不可以。

在当代英语中，现在完成进行时有时也可用否定结构。如：

Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven’t been sleeping at all well. 自从上周发生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好。

He hasn’t been working for me and I haven’t had that much contact with him. 他并没有给我工作过，我和他没有过那许多接触。

否定句构成：

主语+has/have+not+been+现在分词+其他

一般疑问句构成:

Have/has+主语+been+现在分词+其他

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时的练习

A. Correct the following sentences. 订正以下的句子

1、All these years they are contributing articles to our magazine.

2、I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.

3、What have you been doing before you left Oxford

4、It's a good job. Have you done it all by yourself

5、It's a long time since you come to see me.

6、Alice didn't see much of Henry lately.

7、I'm glad to tell you that you passed the exam.

Key：

1. are→have been

2. have been drinking→have drunk

3. have→had

4. Have you done→Did you do

5. come→came

6. didn't seen→hasn't seen

7. passed→have passed

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时的练习

B. Complete the following sentences with the right form of the verbs given. 选出正确的一项

1、You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview.

2、My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year.

3、The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning.

4、I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon.

5、Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.

key

1. have been looking 2. stayed 3. has been playing/ has played 4. wondered 5. have been waiting

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：现在完成进行时的练习

C. Make the best choices.作出正确选择

1、— I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.

— I think so.He ________ for it for months. (2008江苏)

A. is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparing D. has been preparing

2、By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it. (2008山东)

A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked

3、So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (2008福建)

A. saw B. see C. had seen D. have seen

4、Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (2007湖南)

A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying

5、Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (2007福建)

A. works B. is working C. has worked D. had worked

6、—I have got a headache.

—No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long.

A. work B. are working C. have been working D. worked

7、The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years. (2007上海)

A. has fallen B. had fallen C. is falling D. was falling

8、Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going to consider

9、—______ you ______ him around the museum yet —Yes. We had a great time there.(2007江苏)

A. Have shown B. Do show C. Had; shown D. Did; show

10、—Hi, Tracy，you look pale.

—I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.

A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted

key： 1-5 DCDDC 6-10 CABAC

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