2017年高考英语必备高频单词：calm

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▲2017年高考英语必备高频单词：calm

vt. & vi. (使)平静; (使)镇定 make or become calm

1.calm的基本意思是“(使)平静下来”。用于修饰空间、天气、海洋等时,指有风有浪到无风无浪平静状态的过程; 用于修饰人时,指人的头脑由激动状态(悲伤、情绪不稳或烦恼)到冷静、镇静的过程。用于后者时含有靠其判断力、意志或信仰而由紊乱状态恢复到内心的完全“安静”“安宁”“无骚动”状态。

2.calm可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。calm的主语可为人,也可为海、风、形势等,其宾语多为(反身)代词,也可为名词(如神经、恐惧等)。calm一般不用于被动结构。

▲2017年高考英语必备高频单词：calm

S U 1. 安静; 宁静; 镇静,不紧张 peace and quiet; absence of excitement of nervous activity

S U 2. (天气)无风,无浪(状态) an absence of wind or rough weather

1.calm用作名词时,基本意思是“安静”“宁静”“镇静”“不紧张”,多用于单数形式,不可数。

2.calm作“无风时刻”“平静时刻”解时,是可数名词,其前常用不定冠词,也可加上其他形容词作修饰语。

▲2017高考英语高频词解析：calm

1.(水面)平静的,(天气)无风的 (of water) not rough, smooth; (of weather) not windy

2.镇定的,沉着的; 宁静的,心平气和的 free from excitement, nervous activity, or strong feeling; quiet and untroubled

1.calm的基本意思是指“平静的”“不受干扰的”状态,主要指大海或天气,用于人指情绪不是“激动的”。

2.calm常与be, become, feel, get, keep, grow, remain等系动词连用,可用quite, perfectly, comparatively等副词修饰,在句中可用作定语或表语。

3.calm在口语中还可作“恬不知耻的”解。

▲2017高考英语高频词解析：calm

calm, quieten, settle

这三个词都有“(使)镇定”的意思。它们之间的差别是:

1.calm强调了先前混乱的状态,然后靠判断力、意志或信仰而恢复正常。

2.settle指采取某种措施、安排而平息了激动或兴奋,使思想和身体处于一种轻松状态。例如:

A vacation will settle your nerves.休假可镇定你的神经。

A word from his father was enough to settle him.他父亲的一句话就足以使他安静下来。

The music will settle my disordered brain.音乐会使我纷乱的心情得到安定。

Have a brandy. It will settle your nerves.喝点白兰地吧,它会使你镇定下来。

Her soft words settled his agitated mind.她的温柔的话语使他焦虑的思绪平静下来。

I'll read a bit before supper to settle my mind.我在晚餐之前读读书使心情平静。

3.quieten强调言谈举止方面外在的暂时平静。例如:

The children were shouting, but they soon quietened down.孩子们大叫大嚷着,但一会儿就安静了下来。

▲2017高考英语必背单词：calm

Her calm at the reception of the bad news surprised us.她接受那个坏消息时的平静态度令我们吃惊。

Politicians at all levels appealed for calm.各级政治家们呼吁保持平静。

The household settled into its usual calm.这一家人又恢复了往日的平静。

A day of calm intervened between the hectic weeks.在闹哄哄的几个星期之间有一天宁静的日子。

The motorbikes invaded the calm of the summer afternoon.摩托车的声响惊扰了夏日午后的宁静。

Calm has returned to the garden.花园又恢复了平静。

Calm descended once again on the village as the last coach left.最后一辆马车离去后,村子又恢复了平静。

After a storm comes a calm.雨过天晴。

I felt an uneasy calm in the village.我感到村子里令人不安地平静。

It was a dead calm that preceded the storm.那是暴风雨前的平静。

▲2017高考英语必背单词：calm

calm, peaceful, quiet, silent, still

这组形容词的共同意思是“安静”“平静”“寂静”。其区别在于:

1.在修饰环境时各词所指的状态为:calm指风平浪静; peaceful指没有战争或骚乱; quiet指没有吵闹干扰; still指完全没有声音。例如:

The sea was calm yesterday.昨天海水是平静的。

Countries should settle their disputes by peaceful means.各国应通过和平手段解决他们的争端。

Differences among them could have been reconciled by them through peaceful consultations.他们中间的分歧本来可以由他们和平协商调解。

He had a bad headache and needed being quiet.他头疼得厉害,需要安静。

Everything was deadly still.万籁俱寂。

2.在修饰人时:calm指人心平气和,毫不激动; peaceful表示“安详的”“温和的”; quiet指性情温和、安静等,有时也指人的闲散或不活动; still指“一动不动”; silent侧重“沉默”“不说话”,但不一定不动。例如:

The teacher is peaceful when the student appeared.当这个学生出现时,这个老师很温和。

We should keep quiet in the hospital.在医院里我们应该保持安静。

His hands were never still.他的双手一刻也不停。

We've been silent for too long. It's time to speak out.我们沉默得太久了,现在是大胆地发表意见的时候了。

She sat silent in her own room.她在自己的房间里一动不动地坐着。

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