2017年高考英语语法必考知识点：动词不定式的否定式

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▲高考英语语法必考知识点：动词不定式的否定式

Tell him not to shut the window…

She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：动词不定式的否定式

动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not. For example:

I tell him to go to the playgound 否定形式为 I tell him not to go to the playgound 这就是不定式的否定。 如果按照你说的把动词否定： I don't tell him to go to the playgound. 这话就成了我没告诉他去操场。强调的是告诉还是没告诉。而不定式的否定强调的是不要去操场。就是不能去那里。二者强调的重点不同。

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：动词不定式的否定式

(1) 三个动词不定式肯定

To work out this difficult problem in three days is impossible

=It is impossible to work out this difficult problem in three days

To learn English so well is of great importance to us all

=It is of great importance to us all to learn English so well i

To swim across the river is very easy for the little boy

=It is very easy for the little boy to swim across the river

(1) 三个动词不定式否定

Our teacher often tells us not to be late for school

His parents want him not to play with those bad boys

The girls are told not to go out alone in the evening /at night

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：动词不定式的否定式

典型例题

1）Tell him ___ the window.

A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut

D. not shut

答案：B。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.

2)She pretended ___ me when I passed by.

A.not to see B. not seeingC. to not see

D.having not seen

答案：A。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。

3）Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.

A. never to drive B. to never driver

C. never driving D. never drive

答案：A。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.

4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.

A. not toB. not to doC. not do it

D. do not to

答案：A。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此B，D不对。

5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat

D. not eating

答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。

▲高考英语语法必考知识点：动词不定式的否定式

练习题

1. Mr Black asked the man ________ the queue.

A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didn't jump D. not jump (广西壮族自治区)

2. The old man told the child ______ noisy.

A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)

3. There is going to ______ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try ______ late.

A. have， not to be B. have， not be

C. be， not to be D. be， not be (内蒙古自治区)

Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C

［简析］动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not.

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